Pakistan and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have achieved a significant milestone with the announcement of a staff-level agreement (SLA) on a $3 billion stand-by arrangement (SBA).
Nathan Porter, the IMF’s Mission Chief to Pakistan, expressed his satisfaction, stating that the IMF team has reached a staff-level agreement with the Pakistani authorities on a nine-month Stand-by Arrangement (SBA) in the amount of SDR2,250 million (about $3 billion or 111 per cent of Pakistan’s IMF quota).
The Pakistani economy has been facing multiple challenges since the completion of the seventh and eighth reviews under the 2019 Extended Fund Facility (EFF) in August 2022. The country has experienced external shocks, including devastating floods in 2022 that affected millions of Pakistanis, as well as a surge in international commodity prices due to the conflict in Ukraine involving Russia.
These shocks, combined with certain policy missteps such as constraints on the foreign exchange market, have resulted in a stagnant economic growth rate. Furthermore, inflation, particularly for essential items, has risen significantly.
Despite the authorities’ efforts to reduce imports and the trade deficit, foreign reserves have declined to alarmingly low levels. The power sector is also facing liquidity issues, with mounting arrears (circular debt) and frequent load shedding.
The newly established stand-by arrangement (SBA) will serve as a critical support mechanism for the Pakistani government in stabilising the economy and mitigating the impact of recent external shocks. It aims to maintain macroeconomic stability while providing a framework for financial assistance from both multilateral and bilateral partners.
The $3 billion funding for a duration of nine months has exceeded expectations and will contribute to restoring investor confidence. The uncertainty surrounding the upcoming change in government after June 2023 has been alleviated to a considerable extent. The agreement also opens avenues for social and development spending by improving domestic revenue generation and ensuring careful execution of expenditures to address the needs of the Pakistani people.
The successful implementation of steadfast policies is paramount for Pakistan to overcome its current challenges. This includes demonstrating greater fiscal discipline, adopting a market-determined exchange rate to absorb external pressures, and making further progress on reforms, particularly in the energy sector, to enhance climate resilience and improve the business climate.
Given the formidable obstacles faced by Pakistan, the newly established stand-by arrangement (SBA) serves as both a policy anchor and a platform for financial support from multilateral and bilateral partners in the foreseeable future.
