The United States (US) has formally initiated proceedings to secure the extradition of imprisoned Indian crime boss Lawrence Bishnoi to face charges for his alleged role in the 2023 assassination of Sikh activist Hardeep Singh Nijjar in Canada.

Following a massive multinational law enforcement operation, American authorities have identified Bishnoi as the central orchestrator of the high-profile killing that previously ignited a major diplomatic rift between Canada and India.

Bishnoi, the incarcerated leader of an Indian criminal syndicate, allegedly directed the operation from a jail cell using smuggled mobile phones. According to the indictment, he provided co-conspirators with photographs and multiple addresses to facilitate the murder outside a temple in Surrey, British Columbia.

While Bishnoi remains in custody in India, his childhood associate, Satinderjeet Singh, also known as Goldie Brar remains at large. Brar allegedly leads organised crime at his behest in North America.

Addressing the legal strategy, Assistant Commissioner with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Brigitte Gauvin confirmed the shift in jurisdiction during an interview on CBC’s Power & Politics.

“Obviously under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organisations (RICO) laws in the United States, it brings forward that, as stated today, that they will bring him forward for extradition to get him moved forward into face charges in the United States.”

The charges were unveiled on Tuesday as part of a sweeping international investigation involving the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and various European agencies.

The operation dismantled three interconnected criminal networks allegedly responsible for kidnappings, extortion, racketeering and drug trafficking across the globe.

Patrick Grandy, assistant director in charge of the FBI’s Los Angeles field office, noted that these criminal organisations have “fuelled violence, fear and instability within the East Indian communities throughout California and abroad”.

The assassination of Nijjar, a prominent Canadian citizen and advocate for independent Sikh homeland Khalistan, also previously led to the expulsion of diplomats from both Canada and India, amid allegations pertaining to the involvement of New Delhi.